Njengoba umhlaba ubhekene nezinselele ezicindezelayo njengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuwohloka kwemvelo, ukuthola izixazululo zamandla ezisimeme akukaze kube yinto ebaluleke kangaka. Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obuvelayo obubhekana nalezi zinkinga, amaseli elanga adlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izinyathelo zekhabhoni. Ngokusebenzisa amandla amaningi elanga, amaseli elanga anikeza umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, ovuselelekayo onganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.
Amaseli elanga, eyaziwa nangokuthi amaseli e-photovoltaic (PV), aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kube ugesi. Le nqubo ayigcini nje ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa futhi inobungani nemvelo, njengoba ingakhiqizi ukukhishwa okuyingozi. Ngokungafani namafutha emvelo, akhipha i-carbon dioxide (CO2) nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo uma zishiswa, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kuyinqubo engenakukhishwa. Ngokushintshela kumandla elanga, abantu ngabanye kanye namabhizinisi banganciphisa kakhulu ukuthembela kwabo emithonjeni yamandla esebenzisa ikhabhoni, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise umthelela wabo wekhabhoni iyonke.
Umthelela wamaseli elanga ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni ubaluleke kakhulu, uma ubheka ukuthi imboni yamandla ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezifaka isandla ekukhishweni kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA), umkhakha wamandla wabamba cishe u-73% wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuphelele ngo-2019. Ngokufaka amaseli elanga engxubeni yamandla, singasusa inani elikhulu lokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wezinto zasendulo. Isibonelo, uhlelo olujwayelekile lwamaphaneli elanga asekhaya lunganciphisa cishe amathani ayi-100 e-CO2 esikhathini sokuphila kwalo, okulingana nokukhishwa kwegesi okukhiqizwa ukushayela imoto ngaphezu kwamamayela angu-200,000.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabalala kobuchwepheshe belanga kwenza kube kuhle kokubili ukusetshenziswa okuncane kanye nokukhulu. Amaseli elanga angafakwa ezindaweni ezahlukene, kusukela ekufakweni kophahla lwezindlu kuya emapulazini amakhulu elanga anika amandla imiphakathi yonke amandla. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza amamodeli wamandla asatshalaliswe, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokudlulisela kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwamandla. Njengoba amakhaya amaningi namabhizinisi esebenzisa amandla elanga, umthelela ohlangene ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni uzoba mkhulu.
Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ngqo ukukhishwa kwegesi, amaseli elanga angakhuthaza nentuthuko yomnotho esimeme. Imboni yelanga idala izigidi zemisebenzi emhlabeni wonke, ekukhiqizeni, ekufakeni, ekunakekeleni, kanye nasekucwaningeni nasekuthuthukisweni. Ukushintshela emandleni avuselelekayo akukhuthazi nje kuphela ukukhula komnotho kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukuzimela kwamandla, kunciphisa ukuncika emafutheni angeniswa kwamanye amazwe, okuvame ukuza nezindleko ezinkulu zemvelo kanye nezendawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe belanga iyaqhubeka nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuthengeka kwamaseli elanga. Izinto ezintsha ezifana namaphaneli elanga amabili (abamba ukukhanya kwelanga kuzo zombili izinhlangothi) kanye nezinhlelo zokulandelela ilanga ezithuthukisa ukubanjwa kwamandla usuku lonke zenza amandla elanga afinyeleleke kalula futhi asebenze kahle. Njengoba izindleko ziqhubeka nokwehla, abantu abaningi kanye namabhizinisi kungenzeka batshale imali ezixazululweni zelanga, ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise indima yabo ekunciphiseni izinyawo zekhabhoni.
Kafushane,amaseli elangazidlala indima ebalulekile emzamweni womhlaba wonke wokunciphisa umthelela wethu wekhabhoni nokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Njengomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile, avuselelekayo, amaseli elanga asiza ekuthatheni indawo yokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wezinto zasendulo futhi anciphise ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa umhlaba. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kokungena, amandla elanga okuguqula isimo samandla futhi anikele ekusaseni elizinzile aya ngokuya ebonakala. Ukwamukela amaseli elanga akuyona nje into ebalulekile emvelweni; futhi kuyindlela eya ezweni elihlanzekile, eliluhlaza okotshani, nelinamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-01-2025
